EV durability and performance data

EV durability and performance data states what an EV battery can do and how long it can do it, under stated test conditions, for the battery model concerned. Articles 9 and 10 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 set performance and durability requirements, with values and methods in Annexes IV and V, applying to EV batteries and other categories as specified. Capacity, power, internal resistance, cycle life, and capacity retention are not bare numbers; each value needs a test method, a temperature, a charge and discharge rate, and an end point. The record must state the requirement, the method, and the result, and must distinguish a requirement value from a measured value. A durability claim without conditions cannot be tested, and a performance claim without a method cannot be repeated.

Durability means the ability of a battery to retain performance over cycles and calendar time under stated conditions. Performance means the capacity, power, and related electrical characteristics measured under stated conditions. The scope is EV battery models under Articles 9 and 10.

How is the EV category decided?

EV durability and performance data applies to that category, and the record should state the vehicle category, the weight basis, and the reason the battery falls inside the definition. Articles 9 and 10 is the operative provision for the point in question, and Annex XIII sets the passport content where a passport applies. A test laboratory reporting durability results for an EV battery model should not assume that a traction battery for another vehicle type follows the same entry. A cycle life result should state the depth of discharge, the rate, the temperature, and the capacity retention end point, so the same test can be repeated and the result compared.

How are model and individual layers kept separate?

For EV durability and performance data, the record should keep the two layers separate, with a link from the individual record to the model record. Test reports, method notes, and requirement checklists for a model value should name the test or calculation method and the date, while evidence for an individual value should name the measurement, the date, and the source system, such as the battery management system. Minimum durability values in Annex IV apply from the dates set in the Regulation for the category concerned, and the record should state the applicable date and the version of the annex checked, rather than assume one date for all categories.

How are performance values stated?

For EV durability and performance data, a capacity value, a power value, a cycle life value, or a capacity retention value should state the test conditions, the reference temperature, the charge and discharge rates, and the end point used. A test laboratory reporting durability results for an EV battery model should record which requirement applies to the EV battery in question and which requirement does not, with the article reference. A cycle life result should state the depth of discharge, the rate, the temperature, and the capacity retention end point, so the same test can be repeated and the result compared.

How is use phase information recorded?

For EV durability and performance data, state of health, cycle count, temperature history, and fault history, where recorded, should be tied to the unique identifier and dated, so a later reader can see the sequence. Test reports, method notes, and requirement checklists should include the data extraction date and the version of the software or method used, where that information is available. Minimum durability values in Annex IV apply from the dates set in the Regulation for the category concerned, and the record should state the applicable date and the version of the annex checked, rather than assume one date for all categories.

How are repair and second life operations distinguished?

For EV durability and performance data, the record should name the operation, the operator who carried it out, the date, the parts changed, and the tests applied after the operation. A test laboratory reporting durability results for an EV battery model should check whether a new passport, a linked passport, or an updated passport is required for the operation, and should record the reasoning. A cycle life result should state the depth of discharge, the rate, the temperature, and the capacity retention end point, so the same test can be repeated and the result compared.

How is access and handover handled?

For EV durability and performance data, the passport access rules in Article 77 set different levels for the public, for persons with a legitimate interest, and for authorities and notified bodies, and the record should not promise wider access than the Regulation allows. Minimum durability values in Annex IV apply from the dates set in the Regulation for the category concerned, and the record should state the applicable date and the version of the annex checked, rather than assume one date for all categories. A test laboratory reporting durability results for an EV battery model should retain the handover record with the identifier, so a later dispute can be traced to a dated transfer.

How is a durability claim tested for one model?

Testing a durability claim for one model starts with the requirement in Annex IV, the test method, and the end point. The laboratory report is read for the cycle count, the depth of discharge, the rate, the temperature, and the capacity retention at the end point. A worked file shows the requirement, the method, the result, and the margin, with the laboratory and date. A claim that a model meets a durability value is supported only when the test result meets or exceeds the requirement under the stated conditions. A result from a different depth of discharge or a different end point is a different result, and the file should label it as such, rather than present it as meeting the requirement.

Performance data is a test with conditions, and a value that has lost its conditions has lost the information that makes it checkable.